The Taboo Side Effects of GLP-1 Medications

If you’re currently on your weight management journey, or curious about starting one, you’ve probably heard about some side effects of being on a GLP-1 (Mounjaro (tirzepatide) or Wegovy (semaglutide) medication. Like any medication, GLP-1s come with potential side effects such as fatigue, nausea, and headaches. But what about the side effects that are not as openly spoken about? Buckle up, we’re going to explore what these so-called ‘taboo’ side effects are, how to know if they’re normal, and what you can do to help ease them. 

What Are GLP-1 Medications?

Before we dive into the side effects, let's quickly cover what these medications actually do. GLP-1 receptor agonists like Mounjaro (tirzepatide) and Wegovy (semaglutide)  are leading the groundbreaking new wave of weight management support. They work by mimicking a hormone that regulates blood sugar and appetite, helping you feel fuller longer. Both these medications have shown remarkable efficacy in clinical trials and can be a real support for people to manage their weight sustainably and not for the short term. 

They can be prescribed by your doctor, or via a registered online clinic. They are taken as injections that you do yourself at home. It’s incredibly important to do an eligibility evaluation, whether that be with your GP or an official clinic, to find out if the GLP-1 medication is suitable for you. Alongside making sure it’s safe for you to start, you should have regular check-ins with a healthcare professional where you can report your progress and any side effects… especially ones that you might not have expected..  

The Notorious Sulfur Burps

Let's start with one of the more embarrassing side effects: sulfur burps. Yes, we're talking about those distinctively foul-smelling belches that seem to come out of nowhere and feel like sulfur in your throat (Rennies to the rescue!). 

Why does this happen? GLP-1 medications slow down your digestive system, which can lead to food sitting in your stomach longer. This creates an environment where sulfur-producing bacteria can thrive, resulting in those eggs-gone-bad burps that might just clear a room.

Pro tip: Some patients report that staying hydrated and avoiding high-sulfur foods like eggs, dairy, and cruciferous vegetables can help reduce these unwelcome eruptions.

The GI Rollercoaster

When it comes to GLP-1 medications, your digestive system might feel like it's on a theme park ride – and not always the fun kind.

Diarrhea: The Unwelcome Urgency

About 30% of patients on these medications experience diarrhea (aka watery and loose poo) (Wharton, S. et al., 2021), especially in the first few weeks. This happens because the medication slows down your stomach emptying, but sometimes your intestines don't get the memo and keep moving along as usual, creating an imbalance.

What helps: Staying hydrated is crucial. Many users find that eating smaller, more frequent meals and avoiding trigger foods like spicy dishes or excessive caffeine can help manage this side effect.

Constipation: The Other End of the Spectrum

Plot twist! While some people experience diarrhea, others face the opposite problem. Side effects can be different for everyone, so it’s important when researching GLP-1 side effects there’s a likelihood you could experience some, or none at all! When your digestive system slows down too much, constipation can result, leaving you struggling with hard, dry and difficult-to-pass poop. It's like your body can't decide which end of the spectrum to land on.

What helps: Fibre is your friend here, along with plenty of water. Some patients find that gentle movement like walking after meals helps keep things moving.

"Mounjaro Face": The Cosmetic Conundrum

You might have heard this term floating around social media. "Mounjaro face" refers to the facial aging some people experience with rapid weight loss from these medications. When you lose weight quickly, facial fat that gives your face a youthful appearance can diminish, sometimes resulting in a more gaunt or aged appearance.

This isn't unique to GLP-1 medications – it can happen with any rapid weight loss. However, because these medications can produce significant results quickly, the effect can be more noticeable.

What helps: Some dermatologists recommend increased focus on skincare, including moisturising and products with hyaluronic acid. Others suggest a slower, more gradual weight loss approach when possible. This means, sticking to a gradual titration schedule and not upping your dose until you reach a plateau is progress. 

Menstrual Mayhem

If you've noticed your menstrual cycle going haywire or MIA after starting these medications, you're not alone. Some women report changes in their periods, including irregular cycles, heavier flows, or even missed periods.

Why? Weight loss itself can affect hormone levels, and these medications may also directly impact hormonal balance. The research is still developing in this area, but the connection is becoming clearer.

What helps: Tracking your cycle can help you identify patterns, and discussing these changes with your healthcare provider is important, especially if they're concerning or severe.

Mood Swings: The Emotional Rollercoaster

Some users report experiencing mood changes while on GLP-1 medications. These can range from irritability and anxiety to depression. The exact mechanism isn't fully understood, but it may be related to how these medications affect neurotransmitters or simply the stress of adjusting to a new medication and lifestyle changes. 

What helps: Prioritising sleep, managing stress, and being open with your healthcare provider, and at your monthly check-ins, about any mood changes you experience can help address this side effect.

The Bottom Line

While GLP-1 medications like Mounjaro and Wegovy can be game-changers for weight management and diabetes control, they come with their fair share of quirky side effects. The good news? Many of these side effects tend to improve over time as your body adjusts to the medication - and it’s important to remember that minor side effects, whilst unpleasant, shouldn’t distract you from your long-term fitness and health goals.

Remember, everyone's body responds differently, and what works for one person may not work for another. Always consult with your healthcare provider about any side effects you experience to understand whether they're normal or warrant attention.

FAQs About GLP-1 Medication Side Effects

Are these side effects permanent? Don’t worry, you won’t be a victim of eggy burps forever! Most side effects tend to improve over time as your body adjusts to the medication. 

When should I be concerned about side effects? While many side effects are normal, severe or persistent symptoms should be discussed with your healthcare provider. These include severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, or significant mood changes.

Can I still take GLP-1 medications if I experience these side effects? Many people continue treatment despite mild side effects, especially as they often improve over time. Your healthcare provider can help you weigh the benefits against the side effects to make the best decision for your health.

Are there ways to prevent these side effects? Starting with a lower dose of GLP-1 medication and gradually increasing it can help minimise side effects Additionally, staying hydrated and making dietary adjustments as needed can help manage GI issues.

Do all GLP-1 medications cause the same side effects? While the side effect profiles are similar, individual responses vary. Some people may experience more side effects with one medication than another, so make sure to be proactive about tracking any strange side effects. This can help your healthcare provider ensure that, if eligible, you’re prescribed medication that is most suitable for you.

Want More?

• Start your consultation now to check if you're eligible for the weight management programme at HANX.

• Which weight management medication is right for me? Read more.

• Curious about the other side effects you should be looking out for? Here’s everything you need to know about GLP-1 side effects.